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The 'I' and the 'me' are terms central to the social philosophy of George Herbert Mead, one of the key influences on the development of the branch of sociology called symbolic-interactionism. The terms refer to the psychology of the individual, where in Mead's understanding, the "me" is the socialized aspect of the person, the "I" is the active aspect of the person. One might usefully 'compare Mead's "I" and "me", respectively, with Sartre's "choice" and "the situation". But Mead himself matched up the "me" with Freud's "censor", and the "I" with his "ego"; and this is psychologically apt'.〔Victorino Tejera, ''Semiotics from Pierce to Barthes'' (2001) p. 59〕 ==Characteristics== The "Me" is what is learned in interaction with others and (more generally) with the environment: other people's attitudes, once internalized in the self, constitute the ''Me''.〔Paolo Inghilleri, ''From Subjective Experience to Cultural Change'' (1999) p. 26〕 This includes both knowledge about that environment (including society), but ''also'' about who the person is: their ''sense of self''. "What the individual is for himself is not something that he invented. It is what his significant others have come to ...treat him as being."〔Erving Goffman, ''Relations in Public'' (Penguin 1972) p. 327〕 This is because people learn to see who they are (man or woman, old or young, etc.) by observing the responses of others themselves or their actions. If others respond to a person as (for instance) a woman, the person develops a sense of herself indeed as a woman. At the same time, 'the "Me" disciplines the "I" by holding it back from breaking the law of the community'.〔Greg Marc Nielson, ''The Norms of Answerability'' (2002) p. 135〕 It is thus very close to the way in a man Freud's 'ego-censor, the conscience...arose from the critical influence of his parents (conveyed to him by the medium of the voice), to whom were added, as time went on, those who trained and taught him and the innumerable and indefinable host of all the other people in his environment - his fellow-men - and public opinion'.〔Sigmund Freud, ''On Metapsychology'' (PFL 11) p. 92 and p. 90〕 It is 'the attitude of the other in one's own organism, as controlling the thing that he is going to do'.〔Charles W. Morris ed., George Herbert Mead, ''Mind, Self and Society'', (Chicago 1967) p. 196〕 By contrast, 'the "I" is the response of the individual to the attitude of the community'.〔Mead, p. 196〕 The "I" acts creatively, though within the context of the ''me''. Mead notes that "It is only after we have acted that we know what we have done...what we have said."〔 People, he argues, are not automatons. They do not blindly follow rules. They ''construct'' a response on the basis of what they have learned, the "me". Mead highlighted accordingly those values that attach particularly to the "I" rather than to the ''me'', "...which cannot be calculated and which involve a reconstruction of the society, and so of the 'me' which belongs to that society."〔Mead, p. 214〕 Taken together, the "I" and the "me" form the person or the self in Mead's social philosophy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「'I' and the 'me'」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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